Tingling Legs: Do I Have Restless Leg Syndrome?

Few conditions have names as descriptive as restless leg syndrome (RLS). People with RLS experience tingling, crawling, or twitching sensations in the legs that create an overwhelming urge to move. Relief is usually temporary, and symptoms often return when the legs are at rest. Patients frequently describe their legs as “restless,” especially when trying to sleep or relax.

RLS is considered a sleep-related movement disorder because symptoms often intensify in the evening or at night. Despite its prevalence, the exact cause of RLS is not fully understood. Serving Eastern Tennessee, the StatCare team specializes in evaluating and managing RLS, also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, to help patients regain comfort and improve sleep quality.

Causes and risk factors of restless legs syndrome

The cause of RLS isn’t completely known, but several factors are linked to the condition:

• Genetics: Early-onset RLS, often before age 40, tends to run in families.
• Dopamine imbalance: Research suggests disruptions in dopamine signaling in the brain may contribute, affecting muscle control.
• Medical conditions: Neuropathy, kidney disease, iron deficiency, and certain spinal disorders can trigger or worsen symptoms.
• Pregnancy: Symptoms may appear or intensify during the third trimester, often resolving after delivery.

How RLS is diagnosed

There isn’t a specific test for RLS. Instead, your provider at StatCare will evaluate your symptoms based on established criteria:

1. A strong urge to move the legs, often with unpleasant sensations described as tingling, crawling, or itching.
2. Symptoms worsen during periods of rest or inactivity.
3. Movement temporarily relieves the sensations.
4. Symptoms are more noticeable in the evening or nighttime.
5. Symptoms are not explained by another medical or behavioral condition.

Treatment options for restless leg syndrome

Treatment for RLS varies depending on severity and underlying causes. Not everyone requires medication, especially if symptoms are mild.

Lifestyle and self-care strategies may help reduce symptoms:

• Maintain a regular sleep schedule and create a relaxing bedtime routine.
• Moderate exercise and stretching can ease leg discomfort.
• Leg massages or warm baths may temporarily relieve symptoms.
• Avoid caffeine, alcohol, and tobacco, which can worsen RLS.
• If iron deficiency is present, iron supplements may be recommended.

Medications may be considered for persistent or severe RLS:

• Dopamine-enhancing drugs can help reduce leg sensations.
• Certain calcium channel agents may relieve symptoms.
• Opioids are a last resort for severe cases, due to potential addiction risks.
• Benzodiazepines can improve sleep quality but don’t address RLS sensations directly.

While RLS is not life-threatening, it can significantly affect sleep quality and daily functioning. Early evaluation allows your care team to create a personalized plan to manage symptoms and improve overall well-being.

If your legs are restless at night and interfering with your sleep, contact StatCare to schedule a consultation. Our team can help identify the cause of your symptoms and develop a treatment strategy to bring relief and restful nights.